Inverted incandescent gas-burner.



.PATENTED JUNEI12,'1906.

- 1 'HfsssMANN. INVERTE-D INGANDEs-GENTGAS BURNER. 1

APPLICATION FILED MAB.,3. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTBDJUNE-12,1906. H. S-USSMANN. INVERTBDKINGANDESGENT GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3. 1904. 4

, f 3 SHEETS-.SHEET 2.

" S 'il 'PATENT'ED JUNE 112, 1906. H.SUSSMANN.

INVERTED INCANDESCENT BURER.

APPLICATION HLED MARS, 1904,

3 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

HEINRICH SSSMANN, OF B 4GASGLHLICHT AKTI FIRM.

satin', GERMANY, AssieNoR To DEUTSCHE iNessELLscnArr, or BERLiN, GERMANY. A I

NVERTED ll'iCANDESCEiNlT GSHBURNEH.

no. ceases.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 190e.v

Application filed March 3, 190e. Serial No. 198,400.

To tI/Z whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH SssMANN, manager, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 144 Alte Jacobstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Inverted Incandescent Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

For a long time past attempts have been made to improve theniethod or' incandescent gas-lightin in such a manner that the greater part ot the Iiglit shall not be radiated upward, as it is in the case ofl incandescent bodies directed vertically upward, this light being only reflected downward by means of screws or shades and with much loss of intensity, but that.1 as is the case with incandescent electric lightingythe greater part ot' the light emitted may bc downwardly directedv1 even without the employment of shades or reflectors by the inversion of the burner and its mantle. The products of combustion, which of course pass upward, naturally heat the mixing-tube of the inverted burner highly,'so that incomplete combustion and a sooty llame (which latter tends to light back) are produced. Attempts have been made to obviate these defects by preventing the heating of theBunsen burner as much as possible by the use of iiisulating substances of various kinds.

The object of the present invention is different, the effect aimed at being only to prevent the iniluence prejudicial to the efficiency of the burner attendant upon the heating of the mixing-tube, while at the same time utilizing the heat of the waste gases for effecting a preliminary heating of the mixture of gas and air in the Bunsen burner. It was perfectly clear that if the heat of the waste gases could be utilized an increase of the illuminating power would necessarily result. I' The desired end has been attained in accordance with this invention by iving the mixingtube a special forni base upon the physicat reactions which take place in this tube. The rules applicable to the dimensions, width, and length of the mixing-tube for upwardlydirected Bunsen burners may be-taken as established. Almost all the burners for inverted lights present a form at variance with these rules. In many cases the mixing-tube is much wider than is required for an upright burner, and toward the outlet-aperture they are mostly narrower or of the same internal A combustion-gases.

diameter. They also vary greatly in length.

Now I have found that orinverted incangas-burners the following -rknown mixing-tube for upright burners obbe normal at the suction-chamber end; but f toward the outlet-opening for the mixture of gas and air it should increase in accordance with the heating and consequent increase of volume resulting from the influence of the This increase oiv crosssection should be gradual; but in order to facilitate the manufacture of the burner it may take place in gradations without any appref ciable detrime Ant to the eiliciency of the burner.

In addition lto its remarkable economy .a

further advantage of this novel burner is that it gives'a quiet, steady light without smell, while the inverted burners hithertov introduced give an unsteady, iiickering light, and owing to incomplete combustion reduce an unpleasant smell. widening cannot be definitely stated in iigurcs for all cases, but is governed by the gas The magnitu e-of the' consumption, the lrindoi gas, and bythe'heating of the mixing-tube, which is dependent I upon this latter and upon the rest of the construction of the burner. It may, however, be readily determinedv empirically. A Widening of the burner-head is also known in in- 'iff verted incandescent gas-burners; but this is .l

not a characteristic feature of this invention, but an increase in the cross-section of the mixing-tube. n y

Experiments have shown that the efficiency of this burner is greater if care be taken that the heat generated bythe llame is utilized as completely'as possible ligor the heating of the mixing-tube. This increaseof eili-y ciency is particularly valuable, on the one hand, becausev the mixture of gas kand air j which passes out is more highly-heated and,

on the otherhand, because the Widening of the mixing-tube-ythat is to say, the differ- IOO ence between the normal cross-section of the same at the admission place and its cross-secy tion at the discharge part is; greater orbecause the tube for the mixture of gas and air ...l

may be made shorter. In attaining this o bject an important point is that there is arranged in the burner beneath the air-admission apertures of the mixing-tube and around 'openings extend throu cape ofthe hot gases by a lateral y-arranged chimney above the air-admission opening for the Bunsen burner. The globes, reflectors, or the like may of course be fixed in place in any convenient manner. If the mixing-tube is widened out in steps, the number of such steps may vary, as esired. The gauze for reventing the flame from lighting back may be either single or multiple. In the latter case it is immaterial whether several gauzes are arranged in one Widening or whether a separate widening is provided for each gauze. In any case the object is to utilize the heat produced by the flame for increasing the illuminating power in inverted gas-burners in such a manner that a part of this heat is conducted to the gas mixture in the miXin -tube, this latter being given such a form tIiat no resistance to the passage of the gas mixture may result from the increase of volume due to the heat supplied.

I c1aim- 1. In an inverted or downwardly-burning incandescent gas-burner, a mixing-tube increasing in diameter in direction from its upper to its lower end, and having an enlargement near its lower end, a gauze in the enlargement o the mixing-tube, a mantle on the lower end of the tube, a cap secured to the `tube and extending dovmwardly around the same, and a globe or globes carried by the cap and surrounding the mantle. 2. In an inverted or downwardly-burnin incandescent gas-burner, a mixing-tube increasing in diameter in direction from its up- A,

per to its lower end and having an enlargement, a gauze in the enlargement or" the tube, a mantle on the lower end of said tube, and a cap secured to the tube and extending downwardly around the same.

3. In an inverted or downwardly-burning incandescent gas-burner, a mixing-tube increasing in diameter in direction from its upper to its lower end, and a cap mounted upon the tube and extending downwardly around the same, whereby therheated gases from the burner will be caused to circulate around the miXing-tube- 4. In Ian inverted or downwardly-burning `incandescent gas-burner, a mixing-tube in creasing'in diameter in direction from its upper to its lower end, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 17th day of February, 1904.

. i A HEINRICH SUSSMANN.

Witnesseaq Y HENRY HAsrER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

EIO 

